Cornea is one of the important refractive media, and it is the necessary path for external light to enter the eye and image on the retina.
When the corneal defense ability is weakened, external or endogenous pathogenic factors may cause inflammation of corneal tissue, which is often called keratitis.
Keratitis can be divided into infectious, immune, nerve paralysis and exposed keratitis according to its etiology. Infectious keratitis is one of the major blinding diseases in China.
Early keratitis is only corneal infiltration and edema. If treated in time, the vision can be restored. However, if the treatment is delayed, the aggravation of inflammation will cause corneal tissue necrosis, dissolution and ulcer. Although the condition can be controlled, the corneal scar may form in the end, resulting in irreversible visual damage.
This is why infectious keratitis is easy to cause blindness. Of course, it can also be learned that the key to prevent blindness caused by infectious keratitis is early treatment.
In the large family of infectious keratitis
Fungal keratitis has the highest blinding rate
Among infectious keratitis, there are several branches: bacterial keratitis, fungal keratitis, viral keratitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis. Among them, fungal keratitis has the strongest injury index and is difficult to control, with the highest blinding rate.
Fungal keratitis is specially targeted at patients with a history of eye injury caused by plants (sugarcane, straw, branches) or a history of long-term use of hormones and antibiotics. For nothing else, it is mainly due to their low immunity, which can cause blindness with little effort.
The most repugnant thing is that the blindness caused by fungal keratitis is not "hand up and knife down", and it is advocated to [take it slow] and not over stimulate, so the patient does not feel strong, but once it is detected, it indicates that the inflammation has gone deep.
The etiology of keratitis varies
But they usually have common characteristics
The causes and methods of several branches of infectious keratitis invading the eyes are different, but the symptoms of patients with ocular inflammation invading the eyes are the same, such as eye pain, photophobia, tears, eye face pain contracture, etc., often accompanied by varying degrees of visual acuity decline. Therefore, once these symptoms appear, you should see an ophthalmologist as soon as possible.
It should be emphasized here that we must go to a professional eye hospital for diagnosis and treatment.
Mihe medical once rescued a patient who was blind due to pesticides. She could have been blind, but because of the limited local medical level and the lack of professional eye care knowledge, she only dripped eye drops under the guidance of doctors in the local health center without further treatment. Finally, I became blind. Thanks to the use of Michaelis artificial cornea, I wouldn't be invisible for life.
Of course, according to the morphological characteristics of the patient's eyes, the diagnosis of keratitis is not difficult, but it needs early treatment. There are four steps to deal with infectious keratitis family:
First, for the inflammation that has damaged the cornea, we should block the "door" and prevent them from entering - local medication to control the infection.
Second, for the inflammation that comes in, we should fight back with all our strength to avoid greater damage - local medication to reduce the inflammatory reaction.
Third, for inflammation that has caused serious damage to the cornea, we should make a quick decision - systemic medication and even surgery to promote ulcer healing.
Fourth, the "remaining evil" of inflammation should be cleaned up as soon as possible - local medication can reduce scar formation.
Other points needing attention:
① Patients need to wash their eyes regularly. It should be noted that eye washing is a professional operation. Patients should not wash their eyes at home to avoid secondary infection.
② As the eye drops will flow away soon, it is difficult to stay in the eyes for a long time, so patients need to use eye ointment, gel or medical contact lenses that can stay in the eyes for a long time.
Keratitis prevention remember these method
① Generally, corneal epithelial cells and tear film have resistance to external pathogens, so there will be no infection. However, if trauma or unclean things enter the eye, it will break the line of defense of epithelial cells, resulting in infectious keratitis.
Therefore, the first point to prevent keratitis ☟ ☟
It is necessary to avoid foreign matters entering and hurting eyes, and do not rub your eyes with unclean hands, swim in unclean pool water, damage your eyes with branches and plants, and sand entering your eyes. Secondly, once a foreign body enters the eye, it should be handled in time. If the eyes have foreign body sensation and redness for 1-2 hours, get medical attention as soon as possible.
② When the eyes are used at close range for a long time, the pupils of the eyes are more in a relatively narrow state, resulting in the tension of the muscles responsible for pupil contraction, which will cause the tension of the central nervous system, and even serious systemic conditions: numbness of limbs and hand joints, shoulder and back pain, headache, inattention, etc., and keratitis and other diseases are more likely to occur.
Therefore, the second point of prevention of keratitis ☟ ☟
Keep your eyes 60-70 cm from the screen. When your eyes are looking at the center of the screen, it is recommended that the screen position be about 10-15 degrees below the line of sight; Work for half an hour and rest for 5~10 minutes; When using the computer, you can open your eyes for a long time and stare at the rapidly changing screen, and the number of blinks is significantly reduced. Therefore, the preventive measure is to consciously remind yourself to blink more when using the computer.