In 2022, five deputies to the National People's Congress and two members of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference attended the two sessions, respectively:
Professor Bi Hongsheng, deputy to the National People's Congress, President of the eye hospital affiliated to Shandong University of traditional Chinese medicine and director of the Institute of Ophthalmology of Shandong University of traditional Chinese Medicine
Professor Li Suyan, deputy to the National People's Congress, chief physician of Xuzhou first people's Hospital and director of Xuzhou eye disease prevention and treatment institute
Professor Shi Weiyun, deputy to the National People's Congress, President of Shandong eye hospital and head of corneology group of Ophthalmology branch of Chinese Medical Association
Professor Lin Shunchao, deputy to the National People's Congress of Hong Kong and chairman of Xima Eye Hospital Group
Professor Sun Fengyuan, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Institute of orbital diseases, Eye Hospital of Tianjin Medical University
Professor Wang Ningli, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, director of the eye center of Beijing Tongren Hospital, President of the ophthalmologist branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and chairman of the public health ophthalmology branch of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association
Professor He Wei, member of the CPPCC National Committee and President of Liaoning Heshi ophthalmic hospital
What issues did these representatives discuss during the two sessions this year? What suggestions are put forward to benefit the country and the people? Let's get to know each other~
No "blind spots"These two "main battlefields" of eye health management should be strengthened
Suggested by: Professor Wang Ningli
During the two sessions this year, Professor Wang Ningli, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and head of the national anti blindness technical guidance group, focused on "the construction of eye health management system in rural areas" and "improving the important position of families in the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents". He pointed out that in rural areas where eye health resources are relatively scarce, the three-level management system of eye health is very weak, As a result, many rural people suffered from minor diseases and missed the treatment window of eye diseases, resulting in irreparable losses; The vision health of children and adolescents is related to their life. The role of families and parents in the prevention and control of children's myopia is more important, which determines whether the prevention and control of myopia can win the final victory in the future.
Professor Wang Ningli
Wang Ningli said that it should be noted that China is still one of the countries with the largest number of patients with blindness and visual impairment in the world. The main blinding eye disease in China has been transformed from infectious ophthalmopathy to cataract, myopic retinopathy, glaucoma, keratopathy, diabetic retinopathy and so on. The total amount of high-quality ophthalmic medical resources in China is relatively insufficient and the distribution is uneven. The ability of grass-roots eye health services still needs to be strengthened. At present, at the village level, the village clinics generally lack the basic inspection equipment for eye health, and the village doctors generally lack the basic training related to eye health, so it is difficult to timely find and put forward disposal opinions on the risk of villagers' eye diseases; At the township level, there are also deficiencies in the group screening ability of township health centers for eye health diseases; At the county level, the independent standard setting of Ophthalmology and the level of diagnosis and treatment ability of county hospitals also need to be improved.
Wang Ningli suggested that under the leadership of the National Health Commission and led by the national anti blindness technical guidance group, study and formulate the implementation plan and action plan for establishing and improving the eye health management system in rural areas, and clearly refine the functional orientation and division of responsibilities of the three-level structure of eye health management in rural areas, service list and performance appraisal, software and hardware construction standards, training requirements of medical personnel The construction of telemedicine and referral cooperation mechanism will effectively sink the eye health management resources to the rural grass-roots level, improve the eye health management ability in rural areas and the eye health level of rural population, and implement and contribute to the implementation of the national eye health plan of the 14th five year plan.
Myopia prevention and control family is the main venue. Don't let children become "house men and house women" too early
Wang Ningli said that the effective measures launched by the government and social forces are mainly implemented on campus, but the overall school time of children and adolescents aged 0-18 only accounts for about 20% of the total time, and the remaining 80% of the time is spent at home.
He suggested that the "family" be upgraded into the main battlefield of myopia prevention and control. By strengthening social publicity and incorporating the guidance of family responsibilities and intervention measures in the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents into the questions of parents' meetings and homework in winter and summer holidays, parents can fully realize the importance of myopia prevention and control and take action.
Specific interventions include the following:
① Actively detect the hyperopia reserve of preschool children aged 0-6 years. The focus of preventing and controlling myopia in preschool children is to prevent the premature and rapid consumption of hyperopia reserves, which is the basic work to prevent myopia.
② For children under 12 years old, it is recommended to use atropine eye drops for mydriatic optometry during holidays. This drug can paralyze the muscles in the eye and get accurate optometry, but the disadvantage is that the time of muscle paralysis and mydriasis will last about 21 days; For children over 12 years old, other drugs can be used for mydriatic optometry for about 6 hours, but its paralytic effect is weak and the accuracy of optometry is also weak.
③ Create a good myopia prevention and control environment for children. It is recommended that children under the age of 6 avoid using electronic products as far as possible, resolutely put an end to the phenomenon of using electronic products as "nannies", and reduce children's excessive eye use time in close distance. Parents should keep in mind the "20-20-20" principle, that is, after watching the electronic screen for 20 minutes, they should look up and look out 20 feet (6 meters) for more than 20 seconds. Many children's amusement facilities and sports venues are set in shopping malls. The indoor environment blocks natural light, which is easy to lead to premature myopia. It is suggested that children should take more outdoor activities.
④ Cultivate children's positive and healthy lifestyle. A lot of outdoor sports are the best medicine to protect children's eyes and prevent children from becoming "house men and house women" too early. It can not only prevent myopia, but also be conducive to the healthy development of children. A large intake of sweets will accelerate the growth of ocular axis and accelerate the progress of myopia. Diet should pay attention to nutritional collocation, reduce sugar intake, and eat more green leafy vegetables rich in dietary fiber and carrots rich in lutein. Ensure 9-10 hours of sleep a day. Recent research shows that children who sleep more than 9 hours a day have a 41% lower risk of myopia than children who sleep 5 hours a day. Regular and sufficient sleep every day can ensure the child's circadian rhythm, maintain the stability of hormone secretion in the body and slow down the rapid growth of ocular axis.
Wang Ningli reminded that when choosing children's myopia prevention and control products, we must follow the advice of doctors in regular hospitals, not Internet rumors and secret prescriptions. Use products certified by the national quality inspection department and avoid using products that exaggerate the therapeutic effect.
[source: Xinhuanet]
Suggestions on further promoting the construction of standardized diagnosis and treatment center for fundus diseases
Suggested by: Professor Li Suyan
With the advent of an aging society, the continuous development of China's national economy and the change of the way people use their eyes, the disease spectrum of eye diseases is also changing. At present, more than 40 million of the patients with ocular fundus disease are in China. The total number of patients is the first in the world, covering many clinical diseases, such as wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).
Professor Li Suyan
However, the actual diagnosis and treatment rate of patients with fundus diseases in China is very low, and the average standardized treatment rate is less than 20%. According to statistics, over 50% of diabetic patients in China are not informed of the need for regular fundus examination. 67% of diabetic patients were never screened for ophthalmology. About 90% of diabetic retinopathy with treatment indications were not treated. As diabetes increases with age, the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy will increase significantly. The prevalence rate was 25% in 5 years, 60% in 10 years and 80% in 15 years. In China, more than 18 million of patients with diabetic retinopathy will suffer a serious impact on their personal, family and social functioning if they fail to receive timely treatment. The economic cost of visual impairment, including diabetic retinopathy, exceeds 550 billion yuan, accounting for about 1% of GDP in China.
In order to solve the contradiction of many patients with fundus diseases and insufficient professional doctors, it is urgent to carry out standardized diagnosis and treatment of fundus diseases and accelerate talent training.
I suggest that the state support and encourage the development of fundus diseases in policy, build standardized diagnosis and treatment centers for fundus diseases all over the country, build standardized diagnosis and treatment system and quality control system in hospitals at all levels throughout the country through the technical guidance and radiation drive of higher-level hospitals, improve the diagnosis and treatment ability of grass-roots ophthalmologists, and promote grass-roots medical and health institutions to carry out early screening of fundus diseases, The Internet plus is used to explore the establishment of a service mode of "grassroots inspection, higher level diagnosis and treatment". Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of fundus diseases in different regions can be gradually standardized and standardized, the difference in the medical service capacity of fundus diseases specialties between regions and between urban and rural areas can be gradually reduced, patients can be treated in different places, hierarchical diagnosis and treatment can be promoted, the medical order can be optimized, the pressure of large hospitals can be alleviated, and people can enjoy high-quality medical services at home.
Promote the achievements of the "Shandong model" for the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents to the whole country
Suggested by: Professor Bi Hongsheng
In recent years, the situation of juvenile myopia in China has been relatively severe. At the meeting this year, Bi Hongsheng, deputy to the National People's Congress and President of the eye hospital affiliated to Shandong University of traditional Chinese medicine, focused on accelerating the promotion and application of the "Shandong model" for the prevention and control of juvenile myopia, and helped to do a good job in the prevention and control of juvenile myopia through active suggestions.
"Shandong model" for myopia prevention and control of children and adolescents leads the country
For a long time, Shandong Province has systematically carried out the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents. With the goal of "investigation, prevention and control", it has formed a "Shandong model" for the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents in the whole cycle characterized by the simultaneous development of Chinese and Western medicine. Shandong Province ranked first in the country with a total score of 111.65 in the national evaluation of comprehensive prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents released in 2021. Not long ago, the Ministry of education set up the first provincial demonstration area for the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents in Shandong Province.
"The advantages of the 'Shandong model' for the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents are mainly reflected in the government led approach, based on the linkage of departments and industries, driven by the Shandong Center for the prevention and control of low vision among adolescents as the hub, the goal of 'investigation, prevention and control', the focus of both Chinese and Western medicine, the concept of 'prevention and cure' and the concept of 'moving forward, focusing on prevention, combining prevention and control, and developing both Chinese and Western medicine' As the guideline, with 'system + science and technology + talents + publicity and education' as the pillar, the effective and distinctive new model for the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents in Shandong Province is scientific, safe, effective, replicable and replicable. " Bi Hongsheng introduced that the most important characteristic advantage of the "Shandong model" is the formation of closed-loop management. Firstly, he put forward the concept of "healthy China, starting from dolls", developed and established a "life cycle eye health system" from 0 to old age.
In addition, the "Shandong model" pays equal attention to both Chinese and Western medicine, and carries out prevention and treatment with the method of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Guided by science and technology, it took the lead in carrying out brain vision scientific research in China, found a new target for the treatment of myopia in children and adolescents, and opened up a new path for the prevention and treatment of myopia. In addition, through clinical research, it has also confirmed the effect of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine on reducing myopia diopter and axial growth.
In Bi Hongsheng's view, the effective "Shandong model" for the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents needs to be further popularized and applied. Therefore, his participation this year focused on accelerating the promotion and application of the results and models of the "Shandong model" for the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents.
Guard children's "window of mind"
Suggested by: Professor Sun Fengyuan
Sun Fengyuan found that in primary school, children's myopia develops rapidly, and many children even have high myopia. "High myopia means that irreversible pathological changes have taken place in the eyes. Doctors can only correct vision, but can not prevent pathological changes. After adulthood, high myopia may also cause a series of complications."
Whether in work and life or in the process of performing his duties, the vision problem of teenagers has always been sun Fengyuan's most worried thing. With more and more children wearing "small glasses", sun Fengyuan continued to conduct in-depth research to find the root of the problem.
Professor Sun Fengyuan
Sun Fengyuan said that from the perspective of medical theory, there are two main reasons for the emergence of myopia - one is that the time for using eyes in close reading is too long, the distance is too close, the lighting brightness is insufficient or too strong, and the scientific use of eyes is not achieved; Second, the lack of sports, children's eyeball sclera hardness is not enough, the eyeball is easy to grow and appear myopia.
In the past year, sun Fengyuan went to many primary and secondary schools and hospitals to investigate and list in detail the factors affecting children's vision. "In areas with narrow space, low greening rate and insufficient sunshine, the proportion of myopia increases significantly; school lighting equipment, hardware facilities, the distance between the first row of seats and the blackboard will also affect children's visual development."
"We must pay attention to teenagers' vision problems and make unremitting efforts all year round." Sun Fengyuan said that a proposal on comprehensively preventing and controlling juvenile myopia and improving the eye health level of the whole people is planned to be brought to the two sessions of the National People's Congress this year, "It is hoped that by continuously strengthening the publicity of popular science education, raising the awareness of the whole people on the prevention and control of myopia, establishing the visual health files of primary and secondary school students and strengthening the visual health training of school doctors, more children can avoid myopia and see a clear and beautiful world."
[source: Xinhua News Agency]
Legislation on the donation of remains, organs and tissues
Suggested by: Professor Shi Weiyun
"The conditions are ripe to complete the legislation of the National People's Congress and formulate broader laws and regulations on human donation on the basis of the regulations on organ transplantation." Shi Weiyun, deputy to the National People's Congress, director of the Institute of Ophthalmology affiliated to Shandong First Medical University and President of Shandong Eye Hospital, suggested that legislation should be made for the donation of remains, organs and tissues, break the legal blind spot, and better define the rights and responsibilities of donors, executors, receiving units and other parties.
Shi Weiyun said that in 2007, the State Council promulgated the regulations on human organ transplantation. After more than 10 years of work, China has become the second largest organ donor in the world, donating more than 6000 cases and obtaining more than 20000 organs every year. China has gained rich practical experience in organ donation, body and cornea donation.
Professor Shi Weiyun
"The conditions are ripe to complete the legislation of the National People's Congress and formulate broader laws and regulations on human donation on the basis of the regulations on organ transplantation." Shi Weiyun said that the introduction of the human body donation law can define the rights, responsibilities and interests of donors, executors, receiving units and other parties. It is a necessary way to promote and protect the healthy development of human body donation and transplantation in China, and provides a fundamental basis for the donation cause in China.
Shi Weiyun believes that, on the one hand, human donation legislation is feasible. China has established a set of basic norms and systems of human donation; The management system is basically straightened out, and the responsibilities of each department are relatively clear. On the other hand, the current regulations on human organ transplantation have limitations.
"There is no specific superior law as the basis for the formulation of the transplantation regulations. There is no law as the basis for behavior, China's remains (cornea) Organ donation has not been fully protected by law, so that the rights subjects of donors, doctors, recipients, medical institutions and other parties can not enjoy clear, clear and necessary rights and responsibilities. In the future, hundreds of thousands or millions of donations will always move forward with illness. And most developed countries in the world have formulated unified laws on the donation and transplantation of human organs to regulate and promote the development of human organ transplantation. " Shi Weiyun said that at present, the construction of the rule of law in China is making rapid progress, and it is urgent to improve the legislation on body, organ and tissue donation.
[Qilu Evening News · Qilu Yidian reporter Yang Lu]
It is suggested to set up a national laboratory in the field of keratopathy
Suggested by: Professor Shi Weiyun
"Keratopathy is the second most common blind eye disease in China, with more than 4 million people. It has a great impact on patients. Patients lose their ability to work or even take care of themselves after blindness." Shi Weiyun, deputy to the National People's Congress and President of the eye hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), suggested that a national laboratory should be established in the field of corneal diseases to comprehensively promote the innovative development of corneal disease research.
Shi Weiyun said that at this stage, China has established a national laboratory and a national clinical research center in the prevention and treatment of cataract and myopia. Keratopathy is the second most common blind eye disease in China, with more than 4 million people. The disease has a great impact on patients. Patients lose their ability to work or even take care of themselves after blindness. There is a certain technical accumulation in the diagnosis and treatment of corneal diseases (especially infectious corneal diseases) in China, which is also at the international advanced level. However, in general, the diagnosis and treatment of corneal diseases are difficult, there are many technical difficulties, and the available drugs and suitable medical devices are relatively single, which is far from the needs of doctors and patients.
Shi Weiyun said that when the masses have needs, clinical needs, experimental conditions are initially available, and in line with the National Encouragement of scientific research and innovation and the health development plan, it is suggested to set up a national laboratory in the field of keratopathy. Through the establishment of the National Laboratory of corneal diseases, we will comprehensively promote the innovative development of corneal disease research, and realize multi-dimensional and multi angle development in basic research of corneal diseases, drug research and development, instrument research and development, surgical technology innovation and so on; Accelerate the cultivation of corneal disease diagnosis and treatment talents, so as to realize the dissemination of corneal transplantation technology and realize the coverage of national corneal disease diagnosis and treatment capacity in all provinces.
[source: China Education News Network]